云母(mu)(mu)是一(yi)種造巖礦物(wu)(wu),通常呈假六方或菱形的(de)板狀、片狀、柱狀晶(jing)形。顏色隨(sui)化學成分的(de)變化而異,主要隨(sui)Fe含量(liang)的(de)增多(duo)而變深 。云母(mu)(mu)的(de)特性(xing)是絕(jue)緣(yuan)、耐高(gao)溫、有(you)光(guang)澤、物(wu)(wu)理化學性(xing)能穩定,具有(you)良好的(de)隔熱性(xing)、彈性(xing)和韌性(xing)。在(zai)工(gong)業(ye)上用得多(duo)的(de)是白云母(mu)(mu),其(qi)次(ci)為金云母(mu)(mu)。其(qi)廣泛(fan)的(de)應用于建材行業(ye)、消防行業(ye)、滅火劑、電焊條、塑料(liao)、電絕(jue)緣(yuan)、造紙、瀝青紙、橡膠、珠光(guang)顏料(liao)等化工(gong)工(gong)業(ye)。
在工(gong)(gong)業(ye)上用(yong)得多的(de)是(shi)白云(yun)(yun)母,其次為金云(yun)(yun)母。其廣泛的(de)應用(yong)于建材行業(ye)、消防行業(ye)、滅(mie)火劑、電焊條、塑料、電絕(jue)(jue)緣、造紙、瀝青紙、橡膠(jiao)、珠光(guang)顏料等(deng)(deng)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)。超細云(yun)(yun)母粉作塑料、涂料、油漆、橡膠(jiao)等(deng)(deng)功能(neng)性(xing)(xing)填料,可提高(gao)其機(ji)械強(qiang)度,增強(qiang)韌(ren)性(xing)(xing)、附著力抗(kang)老化(hua)及耐腐(fu)蝕型等(deng)(deng)。除(chu)具(ju)有極高(gao)的(de)電絕(jue)(jue)緣性(xing)(xing)、抗(kang)酸堿腐(fu)蝕、彈性(xing)(xing)、韌(ren)性(xing)(xing)和滑動(dong)性(xing)(xing)、耐熱隔(ge)音(yin)、熱膨(peng)脹系數(shu)小等(deng)(deng)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)外,又(you)率先推出片體二表面光(guang)滑、徑厚比大、 形(xing)態(tai)規則、附著力強(qiang)等(deng)(deng)特(te)點(dian)。
工(gong)業上(shang)主要(yao)利用(yong)(yong)它的(de)絕緣(yuan)性和耐熱性,以(yi)及抗酸、抗堿(jian)性、抗壓(ya)和剝(bo)分性,用(yong)(yong)作電氣設備和電工(gong)器材(cai)的(de)絕緣(yuan)材(cai)料(liao);其(qi)次用(yong)(yong)于制造蒸(zheng)汽鍋爐、冶(ye)煉爐的(de)爐窗(chuang)和機械上(shang)的(de)零件。 云(yun)母(mu)(mu)碎和云(yun)母(mu)(mu)粉可(ke)(ke)以(yi)加工(gong)成(cheng)(cheng)云(yun)母(mu)(mu)紙(zhi),也可(ke)(ke)代(dai)替云(yun)母(mu)(mu)片(pian)制造各(ge)種成(cheng)(cheng)本低廉、厚(hou)度均勻的(de)絕緣(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)。同(tong)時云(yun)母(mu)(mu)還具(ju)有(you)藥用(yong)(yong)功能,傷于風邪而發冷發熱,如同(tong)身體(ti)坐在船上(shang),頭暈目眩,具(ju)有(you)砌除風邪,充實五臟,增(zeng)加生育能力(li),使(shi)眼睛(jing)明亮,久服身體(ti)輕便靈巧(qiao),延(yan)長壽命。
云母(mu)礦石浮(fu)選(xuan)用以回收偉晶(jing)巖(yan)(yan)和云母(mu)片(pian)巖(yan)(yan)中(zhong)14目(mu)以下的云母(mu)和細粒云母(mu)。在我國,云母(mu)礦石浮(fu)選(xuan)尚未得到生(sheng)產(chan)應用。風選(xuan)法適(shi)用于水源(yuan)缺(que)乏(fa)地區,已用于實(shi)際生(sheng)產(chan)。
階段
選(xuan)礦(kuang),云母的浮選(xuan)與風選(xuan)。 |
階段
①云母(mu)與(yu)脈(mo)石的表面(mian)物理化學性質(zhi)的不同進行分選(xuan)(xuan)。②破碎→篩分分級→風選(xuan)(xuan)。 |
第(di)三階段
①礦(kuang)(kuang)石(shi)經破(po)碎、磨(mo)礦(kuang)(kuang)使云(yun)母(mu)單(dan)體解(jie)離(li),在藥劑(ji)作用下(xia),云(yun)母(mu)成為泡沫產品而(er)與脈石(shi)分離(li)。②礦(kuang)(kuang)石(shi)經過破(po)碎之后,云(yun)母(mu)基本上(shang)形成了薄片狀,而(er)脈石(shi)礦(kuang)(kuang)物長石(shi)、石(shi)英(ying)等呈塊狀顆粒。 |
第四階段
打散包裝為成品 |
在(zai)工業(ye)(ye)上用得多的是(shi)白云(yun)母,其次為金云(yun)母。其廣泛(fan)的應(ying)用于建材行(xing)業(ye)(ye)、消防(fang)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)、滅(mie)火劑、電焊條、塑料、電絕緣、造(zao)紙(zhi)、瀝青紙(zhi)、橡膠、珠光顏料等化工工業(ye)(ye)。工業(ye)(ye)上采用浮選(xuan)與(yu)風選(xuan),使用到破碎(sui)機與(yu)磨粉機進(jin)行(xing)破碎(sui)研磨。
云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙市(shi)(shi)場(chang) 機械部(bu)門早確定(ding)電機用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)絕緣材料主要(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙代替云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)薄片。1987年我(wo)國新(xin)增(zeng)發(fa)電設備(bei)能力(li)920萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa),通常按新(xin)增(zeng)10萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)發(fa)電能力(li)需耗用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙5噸計算,約(yue)需460噸云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙。我(wo)國今后(hou)能源工業(ye)是發(fa)展,"七五"期間,計劃達(da)到年產1000萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)的(de)(de)發(fa)電機組能力(li),每年需要(yao)(yao)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙不低于(yu)500噸,共需2500噸以上(shang)。另外(wai),1987年我(wo)國的(de)(de)發(fa)電裝機容量已(yi)達(da)1億(yi)千(qian)瓦(wa),若按20—30%的(de)(de)更(geng)換維修考(kao)慮,維修需用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙亦相當可觀。此外(wai),還(huan)有眾多的(de)(de)工業(ye)、家(jia)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電器(qi)也(ye)需要(yao)(yao)大量的(de)(de)絕緣紙板等產品。國內(nei)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙市(shi)(shi)場(chang)大有前(qian)途。云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉(fen)市(shi)(shi)場(chang) 全國電焊條生產每年需云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉(fen)約(yue)1.5萬(wan)(wan)噸,油氈(zhan)紙用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉(fen)14萬(wan)(wan)噸、消(xiao)防器(qi)材用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉(fen)2000噸左右,再(zai)加上(shang)新(xin)開拓的(de)(de)云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉(fen)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)領域,從(cong)發(fa)展趨勢看,云(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉(fen)的(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao)量可能會進一步增(zeng)長。